What Bill C-3 Changes
Before this law, Canadians born or adopted outside Canada faced restrictions. The “first-generation limit”, introduced in 2009, prevented some from passing citizenship to their children abroad.
Now, Bill C-3 introduces two main changes:
Retroactive eligibility: Individuals affected by old rules can now apply for citizenship by descent.
Future clarity: Canadian parents born or adopted abroad can pass citizenship to their children born abroad, if they maintain a substantial connection to Canada.
Why This Matters
Bill C-3 brings several key benefits for families:
Fairness Restored: People previously excluded can now claim their rights.
Clear Rules: Families understand exactly who qualifies for citizenship by descent.
Global Recognition: The law reflects modern realities where many Canadians live abroad.
As Minister Lena Metlege Diab stated:
“Bill C-3 fixes long-standing issues in our citizenship laws. It provides citizenship to people who were excluded and sets clear rules for the future.”
What’s Next for Families
The law will come into effect on a date set by Order in Council.
Interim measures continue to help families affected by the old first-generation limit.
Families should start assessing eligibility and prepare applications for when the law is active.
Implications for Immigration Advisers
For immigration professionals, this law provides both opportunities and responsibilities:
Opportunities: Clients previously ineligible may now qualify.
Guidance Needed: Advisers must clearly explain how “substantial connection” is assessed.
Educational Role: We provide clear, factual guidance to help clients understand their options.
Final Thoughts
Bill C-3 makes Canada’s citizenship laws fairer, clearer, and more modern. Families who were previously excluded now have renewed hope.
If you’re a Canadian parent born or adopted abroad, or you have children born or adopted abroad, find out how Bill C-3 may apply to you.